As an e-mobility company, Ghana's Wahu Mobility is working to change how vehicles impact the climate, and on growing job opportunities for the youth. Expansion plans from the women-led company target women riders in neighbouring countries.
A team of young engineers at Wahu Mobility in Spintex Accra, Ghana. Photo: Richard Akpoko, bird story agency
Sefakor Fekpe, bird story agency
It’s midmorning in Accra and a group of bike riders are inspecting their motorcycles before hitting the capital city's busy roads for the day’s deliveries as lunchtime orders start to come in.
Lawrence Akakpo removes a battery that powers his bike from its plug, fixes it to its seat on the two-wheeler, picks up his food delivery bag and moves quickly to a pick-up point where there’s an order waiting to be delivered to a client. He owns a Wahu bike — an electric-powered motorcycle that is part of a wave of electric utility vehicles impacting job opportunities and the environment across the continent.
Unsure of where to turn to after graduating from school, Akakpo came across Wahu as an opportunity to earn a living.
“Sitting at home as a graduate was frustrating. Approaching companies as a job seeker or other opportunities comes at a cost. I decided to give Wahu a try and so far, I can’t say I have regretted it,” Akakpo said.
Akakpo, like the other 150 Wahu riders, owes his livelihood to the vision of Valerie Labi, co-founder and CEO of Wahu Mobility.
What started as a project in the northern part of Ghana with the converting of regular motorbikes to electric bikes with the help of like-minded friends, birthed what is known today as Wahu Mobility. The startup describes itself as an Electric Vehicle (EV) company that manufactures eco-friendly motorcycles providing a reliable source of income for youth.
“I ride almost the whole day; even at night, I enjoy riding. I make between GHC100 (US$6.8) to GHC200 (US$13.6) depending on the market. Sometimes you can go and come back with GHC40 (US$2.8) when the orders are less. I usually work with Yango but I have all the accounts such as Bolt Send and aside from that I do my private business too with the Wahu bike,” Akakpo explained.
The young rider feels he has more control of his life since powering the motorcycle requires only turning on a switch to charge the battery instead of being at the mercy of unpredictable fuel prices. Maintenance and support from the mobility company also offer riders like him much comfort.
“I charge my batteries once a day which takes about five to six hours which also allows us to get some rest. Some riders have moved from using combustible motorbikes to Wahu since it's an affordable alternative that comes with jobs,” Akakpo said.
Adutwum Hagar Adutwumwaa, an engineer at Wahu Mobility, originally trained in marine engineering. Her curiosity led her to Wahu, where she oversees quality checks and bike assembly. Despite joining the company just six months ago, she’s already made a significant impact.
“It has been an amazing journey... I have learnt new things. Now I make batteries from recycled lithium iron cells,” Adutwumwaa said.
Being the only woman among men during her study internship and national service, Adutwumwaa was happy to find other female colleagues who are also engineers at Wahu Mobility.
“I was drawn to the innovative technology and sustainable mission and I have not regretted it at all.”
A ride-to-own initiative is one part of the startup's mission. Different payment plans are available to meet the pockets of would-be drivers, taking away the worry of interested riders who cannot afford to pay upfront.
“We have GHC300 (U$20.5) weekly for 24 months, GHC400 (US$27.2) weekly for 18 months and GHC600 ($40.8) weekly for 12 months. The payment plan you want determines the initial deposit,” explained Farida Mahama, who is the company's Rider Champion Manager.
The average cost per charge of the battery is GHC4 ($0.27). That can take a bike around 70 kilometres.
Fortunately for the young start-up company, convincing traditional motor riders to switch to electric bikes has been easy because of the huge savings they make on fuel.
“Deliveries on a petrol bike, for example, cost around US$200 (GH¢2940) to US$250 (GH¢3675) a month but e-bikes are around US$30 (GH¢441) a month and that’s a huge saving. While they save money on petrol, we also give them the opportunity to earn consistently on our platforms,” Mahama added.
Every Wahu bike rider goes through special training on how to use the e-bikes before hitting the road.
“Every rider has a score system using an app to check how well they ride. The system is designed to turn off the bike when unsafe riding is detected,” Labi said.
Wahu also infuses technology initiatives into its operations. The factory where the bikes are assembled and maintained is solar-powered and completely off-grid, creating energy efficiency and sustainability.
The company is extremely particular about the impact of the business on the climate. The bikes are tracked to measure their environmental impact with every kilometre driven helping to prevent carbon emissions.
“We’re the first EV company to qualify for a compliance market deal. This means that we create genuine carbon credits as a way of also registering our impact. We track every bike and calculate for every kilometre on how much carbon is being saved,” Labi explained.
The environmental impact of the EV economy is getting national attention in Ghana, with institutions like the country's Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Ministry of Transport leading the charge.
“Are Ghanaians ready for electric vehicles? The answer is yes,” said Antwi Boasiako Amoah, from the EPA’s Climate Vulnerability and Adaptation team.
"But who should we target for this investment, and which vehicle types will maximize the benefits in a developing country like ours?"
Amoah emphasised that the EV industry offers vast opportunities beyond job creation, with the EPA working to promote investment in the sector.
“Some investors can focus on transport systems such as Uber, taxis and delivery services using EVs. We offer guidance and advice on the understanding of the implications of such an investment in terms of laws, market appetite and others. We also work with other sister institutions such as the Ministry of Transport and Energy among others to cross-fertilise our ideas.”
The partnership was the major breakthrough for Labi when she partnered with like-minded people to establish Wahu Mobility. Localisation was key, with Wahu aiming for significant local content in each bike.
“At least 85% of every EV can be produced locally in Ghana or ECOWAS or Africa,” the co-founder said.
“We started with off-the-shelf-vehicles-to-digital conversions. We’ve worked all the way to the factory that we have and we have an over 24-month program underway for localization components,” she said.
However, even though the Ministry of Transport adopted an EV policy in December 2023 to support the sector and address global warming, young companies like Wahu do not qualify for the incentives.
Labi also expressed disappointment at the lack of regulatory measures for innovations in product development in the automotive industry.
“There’s only an automotive association for assemblers in Ghana, which means that if you’re designing a component or designing a vehicle, there’s no regulatory path for you as an innovator to get support from the government. And that’s a shortfall,” she said.
However, a National Electric Vehicle Policy is expected to be rolled out in Ghana in three phases between 2027 and 2035 with the aim of achieving an EV penetration rate of about 35%.
The policy includes a waiver of import duties on EVs designated for public transport and certified assembly companies will also enjoy tax exemptions on semi-knocked and completely knocked down EVs for eight years starting in 2024 and an extension of Value Added Tax exemptions on locally assembled vehicles for two more years.
Currently, Ghana has some 17,000 two-, three- and four-wheel registered EVs, according to the Minister of Energy, Mathew Opoku Prempeh.
Despite the challenges, Wahu is optimistic about its long-term goal of “turning the company into a revenue-generating asset over time” and exporting to countries across Africa.
“What we see in Ghana and a lot of African countries is that there’s no support for delivery riders and that is what the company seeks to change. We recently opened our office in Lomé, Togo where most of the riders are women.”
Wahu also currently has partnerships across all universities in Ghana and through this initiative trains and recruits new staff.
“We launch challenges at the universities and give students the opportunity to respond to these challenges and from there we often select our team. Through this, we realised Ghanaian youth are not just looking for job opportunities but a path to breakthrough. They need employers to hold their hands and co-create with them,” explained Labi.
"I’m happy when I meet a Wahu rider. I'm proud to see a transition in many of their lives."
Wahu hopes to be the number one producer of EVs on the continent.
“It’s about building a legacy for young Africans across the world to be able to use our talents and maximise to make a positive contribution,” Labi said.
Akakpo envisions owning a fleet of electric bikes to run a delivery business through savings he makes from his partnership with Wahu.
“I would like to encourage the youth, especially those who are jobless, to take advantage of initiatives like this instead of staying home at all times to depend on their parents,” he said.
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